(1) Allah didn't KNOW initially that one Muslim cannot face 10 Kafirs in battle
Compare the following 2 verses, where firstly Allah claimed that one Muslim had a strength to overcome 10 Kafirs. But then upon protest from Muslims, Allah had to ABROGATE the first verse and made a new claim in a new verse that one Muslim had a strength to overcome only 2 Kafirs.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ حَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى الْقِتَالِ ۚ إِن يَكُن مِّنكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ ۚ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّائَةٌ يَغْلِبُوا أَلْفًا مِّنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ
"O Prophet! Encourage the believers to fight. If there are twenty steadfast men among you, they will overcome two hundred, and if there are a hundred, they will overcome a thousand disbelievers, because they are a people who do not understand."
الْآنَ خَفَّفَ اللَّـهُ عَنكُمْ وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ فِيكُمْ ضَعْفًا ۚ فَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّائَةٌ صَابِرَةٌ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ ۚ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُمْ أَلْفٌ يَغْلِبُوا أَلْفَيْنِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّـهِ ۗ وَاللَّـهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ
For the time being Allah has lightened (expectations) from you, and He has known (i.e. He has found out) that there is weakness in you. So if there are of you a hundred steadfast, they shall overcome two hundred. And if there are a thousand of you, they shall overcome two thousand under Permission of Allah. And Allah is on the side of those who are perseverant. (Translated by Dr. Kamal Omar)
Now that God has eased your burden, He has found you to be weak. A hundred of your steadfast men would defeat two hundred of theirs and a thousand of yours would defeat two thousand of the unbelievers, by the will of God. God is with those who have patience. (Translated by Muhammad Sarwar)
Allah has now lightened your burden for He found weakness in you. So if there be hundred of you who persevere, they shall vanquish two hundred; and if there be a thousand of you they shall, by the leave of Allah, vanquish two thousand. (Translated by Maududi)
Ibn Kathir recorded the following under the commentary of this verse (link):
Ibn `Abbas said, "When this Ayah was revealed, it was difficult for the Muslims, for they thought it was burdensome since twenty should fight two hundred, and a hundred against a thousand. Allah made this ruling easy for them and abrogated this Ayah with another Ayah.
In the mentioned verse, our objection is based on the word عَلِمَ means to found out, to become aware of, has now learned. This is a human attribute. The Creator of the universe described by believers is All-Knowing (Al-Alim) and has known all future events with all details from the beginning of creation. There is no addition to His knowledge because He knows everything from the start.
The initial part of Ayah 66 is noteworthy, which states: Now Allah has lightened your burden and found out that there is weakness among you. This verse clearly indicates that when Allah urged the believers to fight against an enemy ten times greater in number, it was not known to Allah that this command would be too burdensome for the Muslims. Therefore, after some time, Allah realized this mistake and corrected it by issuing a new command that now the Muslims should remain steadfast against an enemy twice their number and should not flee.
The attributes of the Creator of the universe described in the Quran and Hadith, such as being Wise, All-Aware, All-Knowing, the First and the Last, the Knower of the unseen, are contradicted by this verse. The being with these attributes cannot make such a blatant mistake. This verse clearly shows that the Creator described in the Quran lacks the basic ability of a good manager and has to change decisions after realizing mistakes.
The conclusion from studying these verses is that the Quran is not a divine book but the speech of a human, whose humanity is clearly reflected in Ayah 66. Because if it were divine speech, Allah, being All-Knowing, would never say that He has now learned that the first command is impractical, thus canceling the first command and issuing the second.
It is an invitation to thought for all humans.
Tehrif (Distortion) by Modern Muslim Translators:
Please be aware of Tehrif (distortion) of translation of this verse by modern Muslim Translators.
They translate the word عَلِمَ as "He KNOWS" (i.e. present tense), which is wrong.
The word عَلِمَ is a " 3rd person masculine singular perfect verb", as you can see on Corpus Quran Website. Thus, the correct translation is "Allah has learnt, Allah has found out, Allah has become aware of ".
If Allah had already known the weakness, then there would have not been any purpose of first making a wrong claim that one Muslim has a strength equal to 10 kafirs.
This dishonesty of modern Islamic translators and apologists is very unfortunate.
(2) Allah didn't know INITIALLY that Companions of Muhammad could not control their Sexual Desires for 30 nights of Ramadan
Initially, Allah prohibited sex with wives during the nights of Ramadan.
However, this command was completely against human nature. Even the companions, who were supposed to be exemplars of true faith, could not adhere to this unnatural rule. Consequently, they began secretly visiting their wives during the nights of Ramadan, including the prominent companion Umar Ibn Khattab.
Realizing the impracticality of enforcing such a restriction and the difficulty of punishing all the violators without causing dissent, Allah (i.e., Muhammad) recognized the need for a change. Instead of punishing Umar and others, Muhammad claimed the revelation of a new verse, which abrogated the previous prohibition of sex during the nights of Ramadan.
Surah Al-Baqarah (2:187):
“It is made lawful for you to have sexual relations with your wives on the night of As-Siyam (fasting). They are Libas (i.e., body-cover, or screen) for you and you are Libas for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves (by going to wives secretly), so He turned to you and forgave you (for this sin). So now you are allowed to have sexual relations with your wives.
Ibn Kathir wrote under the commentary of this verse (link):
Ibn `Abbas said, "During the month of Ramadan, after Muslims would pray `Isha', they would not touch their women and food until the next night. Then some Muslims, including `Umar bin Al-Khattab, touched (had sex with) their wives and had some food during Ramadan after `Isha'. They complained to Allah's Messenger ﷺ . Then Allah sent down (the verse 8:66): (Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He turned to you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you. So now have sexual relations with them)"
Ask yourself this: If Allah knew that humans would struggle to control themselves for the 30 nights of Ramadan, why didn't He make it permissible from the start? There is no logical reason for initially prohibiting it. Did Allah initially fear that making it permissible would lead the companions to rebel against it?
(3) The Command to Give Charity Before Speaking to the Messenger in Private and Its Abrogation
The companions were curious about Muhammad's new religion and had many questions. However, Muhammad became overwhelmed by the constant questioning. To curb the excessive inquiries, Muhammad introduced a new condition: the companions had to give a sum in charity before asking their questions.
(Quran 58:12) O believers! When you wish to speak to the Messenger in private, give charity beforehand. This is better for you and purer. But if you lack the means, Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
However, the companions valued their wealth more than spending it to learn about Islam. They stopped visiting Muhammad and asking questions. When Muhammad realized that the companions were no longer coming to him and he was losing his influence over them, he claimed the revelation of a new verse, which abrogated the condition of giving charity before asking questions.
(Quran 58:13) Is it that ye are afraid of spending sums in charity before your private consultation (with him)? If, then, ye do not so, and Allah forgives you, then (at least) establish regular prayer; practise regular charity; and obey Allah and His Messenger.
In the commentary on this verse, Tafsir Dur-e-Mansur includes the following narration:
Ibn Munzir, Ibn Abi Hatim, and Ibn Marduwaih narrated from Ibn Abbas that the verse "when you consult the Messenger privately" was revealed because the Muslims were asking the Messenger many questions, which made the situation difficult for him. Allah wanted to lighten this burden on His Prophet, so He commanded them to give charity before consulting him privately. When Allah revealed this command, many people refrained from asking questions and seeking advice. Consequently, Allah revealed the verse "Are you hesitant..." thereby lifting this restriction and easing their burden.
The point is, if there truly were an Allah who knows everything, He would have known in advance that the companions would not pay money for this task, and He would not have set such a condition. However, since there is no such entity as Allah, and Muhammad himself claimed the revelation of verses, these "human errors" appear in the revelations.
(4) Ten times Breastfeeding verse abrogated later by 5 times
One wonders:
- What is the logic behind the abrogation of the verse regarding 10 times breastfeeding?
- Why wasn't the verse about five breastfeeding sessions revealed the first time instead of ten?
- Would companions have rebelled against Allah if he had revealed the verse of 5 times suckling right in the START?
The background story:
- Firstly, Muhammad declared that an adopted son will become non-Mahram to his foster mother after becoming an Adult. This broke many families. Moreover, Muhammad also allowed foster fathers to marry their minor adopted daughters for their beauty and wealth without their consent.
- Secondly, Muhammad also strictly forbade any interaction between women and non-Mahram men, which again caused a lot of practical problems in daily lives.
Consequently, Muhammad found one solution, where he asked a woman to breastfeed an adult man to become Mahram. However, it was a shameful practice that an adult man breastfed a woman. It seems, to avoid the inconvenience, Muhammad later reduced the number of suckling from 10 to 5.
Please read all details here: Breastfeeding Adults: Survival of AHADITH due to adult's breastfeeding
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