Summary:

Following the migration to Medina, Muhammad initially sought to win favour with the Jews by altering the Qibla from Ka'ba (in Mecca) to Bait al-Maqdis (in Jerusalem) and incorporating many Jewish rulings into Islamic Sharia. However, this effort at appeasement quickly turned into deep-seated enmity and animosity.

The turning point came when: 

• The Jews challenged Muhammad to perform the "Miracle of Fire," a test commonly associated with prophethood claims in the Bible.
• Muhammad and his Allah failed to produce such a miracle, leading to widespread disbelief among the Jewish community in Medina.
• Earlier, Muhammad also failed in Mecca to answer the 3 questions, that were asked by the Jews. 

As a result, their exposure of Muhammad as a false prophet marked the end of Jewish appeasement and the onset of intense anger and hostility towards them.

The TEST of "Miracle of Fire":

The Bible contains several passages that highlight the phenomenon of divine acceptance of a person's sacrificial offering through the appearance of a mysterious fire that consumes the offering. These instances can be found in verses such as Judges 6:20-21, 13:19-20, and 2 Chronicles 7:1-2.

Actually, Muhammad had already made a mistake, and he had also previously confirmed this method of the miracle of fire in the Quran 5:27, in the story of Adam and his sons, where a fire appeared and consumed the offering of one son who sacrificed a sheep.

Quran 5:27:

Recite to them the truth of the story of the two sons of Adam. Behold! they each presented a sacrifice (to Allah): It was accepted from one, but not from the other.

Tafsir Tabari, under verse 5:27 (link):

It was narrated from as-Suddi, in his narration from Abu Maalik and from Abu Saalih from Ibn ‘Abbaas, and from Murrah from Ibn Mas‘ood, and from some of the companions of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him): ... Habeel (Abel) offered a fat lamb as his offering, while Qabeel (Cain) presented a sheaf of corn but secretly took out and consumed a large portion of the corn. Subsequently, fire descended from the heavens and consumed Habeel's offering, while Qabeel's offering remained untouched and unaccepted. In response, Qabeel became enraged and threatened to kill Habeel, vowing that he would not allow him to marry his sister.

Grade: Sahih (Albani)

Consequently, when Muhammad asserted his prophethood, the Jews asked him to provide proof through the manifestation of a miracle, specifically the fire consuming his offering.

Muhammad found himself unable to dismiss this demand outright, as he already acknowledged it in the story of Adam in the Quran.

However, Muhammad resorted to a different approach, offering a new excuse. He accepted the validity of the miracle involving the fire accepting the offering, but he refused to showcase this miracle. He justified his inability to show this miracle by accusing the Jews of Medina that their forefathers sinned by killing previous prophets

Quran 3:183:

They (the Jews) said: "Allah took our promise not to believe in any messenger unless He showed us a sacrifice consumed by Fire (From heaven)." Say: "There came to you messengers before me, with clear Signs and even with what ye ask for: why then did ye slay them, if ye speak the truth?"

However, this excuse by the writer of the Quran does not hold up under scrutiny as it is unjust to punish individuals for the sins of their ancestors. In this case, the writer of the Quran is essentially claiming to hold the Jews of his time accountable for the actions of their forefathers. This contradicts the concept of divine justice, which does not attribute guilt based on lineage.

Secondly, the writer of the Quran contradicts his own claims within the text. The Quran repeatedly asserts that the practices of Allah remain unchanging. Yet, in this instance, Muhammad is deviating from that principle by rejecting the miracle of fire as a valid proof of prophethood.

Quran 48:23:

[This is] the established way of Allah which has occurred before. And never will you find in the practice of Allah any change.

Muhammad's Failure to answer (or even to UNDERSTAND) the 3 Questions that Jews asked him

Earlier, when Muhammad was in Mecca, the Jews asked Muhammad 3 questions as a test of his prophethood. However, Muhammad and his Allah not only failed to answer those 3 questions, but they were even unable to understand those 3 questions. Please note:

• Not knowing the answers is one thing.
• Providing incorrect answers is even worse.
• However, not even comprehending the questions is the worst possible outcome.

Muhammad and his Allah made this critical error by failing to understand the original questions.

The Jews asked Muhammad the following 3 Questions from The Book of Denial (The Bible).

 Please read all details with proofs here:

• Allah's FAILURE to even UNDERSTAND the 3 Questions by the Jews

Muhammad's Frustration as not even 10 Jews believed in his prophethood

This frustrated Muhammad so much, that he used to say even if 10 Jews believed in him, then all Jews would become Muslims. 

Sahih Bukhari, 3941:

Sahih Muslim, 2793:

Note: The Islamic Translators of Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim added these words in parenthesis on their own "(amongst their chiefs)" or "Scholars of the Jews" It is a Distortion (TEHRIF) case, while these words have nothing to do with the original tradition, which is talking about normal 10 Jews, and not about any of their chiefs/scholars. Islamic preachers are compelled to do this TEHRIF (distortion) while it EXPOSES Islam and Muhammad, and Islamic preachers want to HIDE the Truth from the masses. 

This distortion by Islamic preachers is utterly shameful and shows how dishonest they are and how ashamed they are of the truth.

It seems Muhammad repeated this statement multiple times, and his companion 'Auf ibn Malik is also a witness to a similar statement from him. 

Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, Hadith 23464:

حدثنا أبو المغيرة قال حدثنا صفوان قال حدثنا عبد الرحمن بن جبير بن نفير عن أبيه عن عوف بن مالك قال انطلق النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوما وأنا معه حتى دخلنا كنيسة اليهود بالمدينة يوم عيد لهم فكرهوا دخولنا عليهم فقال لهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا معشر اليهود أروني اثني عشر رجلا يشهدون أنه لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا رسول الله يحبط الله عن كل يهودي تحت أديم السماء الغضب الذي غضب عليه

Narrated by Abu Al-Mugheera through Safwan through Abdul-Rahman ibn Jubayr through his father through 'Awf ibn Malik, who said: One day, the Prophet ﷺ and I went to a Jewish synagogue in Medina on one of their festivals. They hated that we made an appearance. The Prophet ﷺ said: "O' Jewish tribe, show me twelve men from among you who testify that there is no deity but Allah,and that Muhammad is his messenger, and Allah will spare all the Jews under the visible heaven from the wrath He has upon them."

Grade: Sahih (Albani)

But the Jews of Medina still refused to accept him as a true prophet, and that was the point where Muhammad's enmity and hatred started against the Jews:

• First of all, Muhammad changed the Qibla once again from Bait-ul-Muqqadas to Ka'ba in Mecca. 
• Then he started openly threatening the Jews to accept Islam, otherwise, they would be expelled from Medina, and he would snatch away all of their lands by force. 

Sahih Bukhari, 3167:

Narrated Abu Huraira: While we were in the Mosque, the Prophet (ﷺ) came out and said, "Let us go to the Jews" We went out till we reached Bait-ul-Midras. He said to them, "If you embrace Islam, you will be safe. You should know that the earth belongs to Allah and His Apostle (only), and I want to expel you from this land. So, if anyone amongst you owns some property, he is permitted to sell it, otherwise you should know that the Earth belongs to Allah and His Apostle."

Later Muhammad's anger and hatred against the Jews went so high that he was no more satisfied by expelling them from Medina, but he wanted to expel them from the whole Arab peninsula. It was due to the reason that it was a shame for him that he was claiming himself to be the promised prophet of the Jews, but the Jews were telling people that he was not that promised prophet. Muhammad didn't want the Jews to tell this to others, thus he wanted to expel them from the whole Arabian peninsula. 

Sahih Muslim, 1767(a):

It has been narrated by 'Umar b. al-Khattib that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: I will expel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula and will not leave any but Muslim.

• The Jews wronged themselves (Quran 16:118)
• by losing faith (7:168) and breaking their covenant (Quran 5:13).
• The Jews (echoing an ante-Nicaean, Marcionite polemic) are a nation that has passed away (Quran2:134; repeated in 2:141).
• Twice Allah sent his instruments (the Assyrians/or Babylonians, and Romans) to punish this perverse people (Quran 17:4-5)
• —their dispersal over the earth is proof of Allah’s rejection (Quran 7:168).
• The Jews are further warned about both their arrogant claim that they remain Allah’s chosen people (Quran 62:6),
• and continued disobedience and “corruption” (Quran 5:32-33; 5:64)

Other sins, some repeated, are enumerated:

• abuse, even killing of prophets (Quran4:155; 2:91),
• including Isa (Jesus) (Quran 3:55; 4:157),
• is a consistent theme. The Jews ridiculed Muhammad as Ra’ina (the evil one, in Quran 2:104; 4:46),
• and they are also accused of lack of faith, taking words out of context, disobedience, and distortion (Quran 4:46).
• Precious few of them are believers (also Quran 4:46).
• These “perverse” creatures also claim that Ezra is the messiah and they worship rabbis who defraud men of their possessions (Quran 9:30).

Additional sins are described:

• the Jews are typified as an “envious” people (2:109),
• whose hearts are as hardened as rocks (2:74).
• They are further accused of confounding the truth (2:42),
• deliberately perverting scripture (2:75),
• and being liars (2:78).
• Ill-informed people of little faith (2:89),
• they pursue vague and wishful fancies (2:111).
• Other sins have contributed to their being stamped (see 2:61/ 3:112)
• with “wretchedness/abasement and humiliation,” including usury (2:275), sorcery (2:102),
• hedonism (2:96),
• and idol worship (2:53).

More (and repeat) sins, are described:

• the Jews’ idol worship is again mentioned (4:51),
• then linked and followed by charges of other (often repeat) iniquities-the “tremendous calumny” against Mary (4:156),
• as well as usury and cheating (4:161).
• Most Jews are accused of being “evil-livers” / ”transgressors” / ”ungodly” (3:110),
• who, deceived by their own lies (3:24),
• try to turn Muslims from Islam (3:99).
• Jews are blind and deaf to the truth (5:71),
• and what they have not forgotten they have perverted.
• They mislead (3:69),
• confound the truth (3:71),
• twist tongues (3:79),
• and cheat Gentiles without remorse (3:75).
• Muslims are advised not to take the Jews as friends (5:51),
• and to beware of the inveterate hatred that Jews bear towards them (5:82).
• The Jews’ ultimate sin and punishment are made clear: they are the devil’s minions (4:60)
• cursed by Allah, their faces will be obliterated (4:47) if they do not accept the true faith of Islam.
• The Jews who understand their faith become Muslims (3:113).
• They will be made into apes (2:65/ 7:166),
• or apes and swine (5:60),
• and burn in the Hell fires (4:55, 5:29, 98:6, and 58:14-19).

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